Ukuklama kwePassive House akukhona nje kuphela uhlelo lwezobuchwepheshe—kuyi filosofi eguqula indlela esicabanga ngayo ngokunethezeka, ukusebenza kahle, nokusimama. Enhliziyweni yephrojekthi ngayinye yePassive House ephumelelayo kukhona izimiso eziyisixhenxe ezihola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zokwakha zisebenza ngokuhlanganyela. Lezi zimiso azikho nje kuphela imiyalelo yezobuchwepheshe kodwa futhi ziwumphumela wokuhlela okusebenzisanayo, okukhuluma ngezinhlelo lapho abakhi, onjiniyela, namathimba okwakha bonke behlangana ngenhloso evamile: ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ikhwalithi yokuphila ngaphakathi.

1. Qinisekisa Ukufakwa Okukhulu Kwe-Envelope Yonke

I-envelope yokwakha eqinile iyisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwePassive House. Lokhu kusho ukufaka izindonga, amajazi, nezisekelo ngokuqinile nge-insulation ehlelelwe isimo sezulu sendawo kanye nezincazelo zokwakha. Kungaba i-cellulose, i-mineral wool, noma ngisho nezinto ezintsha ezifana ne-wool yezimvu, inhloso ukuhlinzeka ngokunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa ngenkathi kulawulwa amandla akhiwe endaweni. Ezindaweni ezinomoya opholile, ukufakwa okwengeziwe kungase kube kuncane, kuyilapho ezindaweni ezibandayo, ukufakwa okuhlelekile nezinga eliphezulu le-insulation kuba kubalulekile.

2. Susa Amabhuloho Okushisa

Amabhuloho okushisa—izindawo lapho ukushisa kudlula khona emathinini, njengezindawo ezikhethiwe noma ezihlangene phakathi kwezinto ezihlukene zokwakha—anganciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokwakha. Ngokwakha ngokucophelela lezi zindawo ezihlangene, amaphrojekthi ePassive House asusa lezi zindawo ezibuthakathaka. Lokhu akusizi kuphela ekugcineni izinga elihlosiwe le-R-values kodwa futhi kuvikela ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi okungaholela ekwakhekeni kokuphuma komoya nokulimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

3. Finyelela Izinga Eliphezulu Lokungena Komoya

Ukwakha isakhiwo esingena emoyeni kungenzeka kube enye yezinto ezinzima kodwa ezijabulisayo zokwakha iPassive House. Umkhawulo ophumelelayo womoya ozungeze yonke i-venvlope yokwakha uqinisekisa ukuthi akukho maphutha angafunwa noma ukulahleka kokushisa okwenzeka. Le nkinga yokunaka ukuvalwa kwazo zonke izikhala ezincane—ngokuvamile ezincane njenge-1/32-inch—idinga ukuhlela kusenesikhathi nokuhlanganyela eduze phakathi kweqembu lonke lokwakha. Njengoba abaqeqeshi abanolwazi bephawula, uhambo lokuya ku-0.6 ACH50 (noma ngisho ne- EnerPHit standard ye-1.0 ACH50) luqala etafuleni lokwakha.

4. Hlanganisa Ukuventilisa Okum mekanikhi Nezinga Lokushisa Noma Ukubuyiselwa Kwamandla

Ukuphakelwa okuqhubekayo komoya omusha kubalulekile ezakhiweni ezivalekile. Izinhlelo zokuhambisa umoya ezimakanikhi, ezihlinzekwe ngokuqhuba ukushisa noma ukubuyiselwa kwamandla, hhayi kuphela zigcina ikhwalithi yomoya yangaphakathi iphezulu kodwa futhi ziqoqa amandla abalulekile angase alahleke. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-heat recovery ventilator (HRV) kanye ne-energy recovery ventilator (ERV) kuncike esimweni sezulu sendawo kanye nezinga lokushisa. Nakuba lezi zinhlelo zisebenza 24/7, ukonga amandla kwazo—ikakhulukazi uma ziqhathaniswa ezakhiweni eziningi—kungaba okukhulu.

5. Sebenzisa Amawindi Nezicabha Ezisebenza Kahle

Amawindi nezicabha yizibuko nezindawo zokungena ezakhiweni, kodwa ekwakhiweni kwePassive House, kufanele futhi zisebenze njengemikhawulo ebalulekile yokushisa. Ukuhlobisa okusebenza kahle okunezinga eliphansi le-U-values kanye nezilinganiso ezikhethiwe zokukhuphuka kokushisa kwelanga (SHGC) kunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kokushisa ngenkathi kuthuthukisa ukukhuphuka kokushisa okuphakanyisiwe. Ngobuchwepheshe obufana nezikhala ezincane nezokuhlobisa ezine, lezi zinto ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zezimo ezahlukene zezulu.

6. Nciphisa Ukulahleka Kwamandla Futhi Uthuthukise Ukuzuza Kwamandla

Indlu ye-Passive House ephumelelayo ibalulekile ekulinganiseni. Abaklami kumele bahlaziye ngokucophelela ukuthi isakhiwo sithintana kanjani nemvelo yaso, bacabangele izinto ezifana nokuhlelwa kwelanga, ukuvikelwa, kanye nokuthola ukushisa ngaphakathi okuvela kumadivayisi nokukhanya. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhuliswa amawindi abheke eningizimu ezindaweni ezibandayo noma kuqinisekiswa ukuvikelwa okwanele ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezimanzi, zonke izinqumo zithinta ngqo iphrofayili yamandla yesakhiwo. Le mbono ephelele isiza ekunciphiseni isidingo samandla jikelele futhi ihambisane namandla esakhiwo okwakhiwa kwamandla avuselelekayo endaweni.

7. Sebenzisa i-PHPP Ukuze Uthole Ukuhlola Kwamandla Okunembile

I-Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) iyithuluzi elinamandla elihlanganisa idatha yesimo sezulu sendawo nazo zonke izingxenye zokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo ukuze kuqagelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokuqondile. Nakuba iyimodeli engashintshi engase ingavezi kahle imithwalo ephezulu—ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezinamazinga okushisa aphezulu—i-PHPP isengumgogodla wokuthuthukisa amasu wokwakha. Ngokwazi izinqumo zayo nemikhawulo, abaklami bangashintsha izilungiselelo futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izibikezelo zabo zihambisana nokusebenza kwangempela, kulungiselela ukusungulwa kahle kwezinhlelo ezivuselelekayo nezinyathelo zokonga amandla.

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Ngokwamukela lezi zinsika eziyisixhenxe, amaphrojekthi e-Passive House awatholi kuphela ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okukhulu kodwa futhi anikela ngezindawo ezikhululekile, eziphilayo, nezizinzile. Ukunaka ngokucophelela ukuvikelwa, ukuvuleka, nokuphathwa kwamandla kushintsha indlela esakha ngayo—kuphakamisa ukuthi ukuklama okwakhiwe kahle nokuphila okuqhubekayo kungahamba ndawonye.