I-Passive House design ayisiyonto nje kuphela ye-technical blueprint—iyifilosofi eguqula indlela esicabanga ngayo ngodumo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuhlala. Enhliziyweni yeprojekthi nganye yePassive House ephumelelayo kukhona imigaqo emithathu yokukhokelela eqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinxalenye zomphakathi zisebenza ngokuhambelana. Le migqa ayiyiyo kuphela imiyalelo yezezimali kodwa ikwindlela yokuhlanganyela, yokuhlanganisa apho abakhi, oonjiniyela, kunye namajoni okwakha bonke behambelana kumgomo omnye: ukunciphisa ukusebenzisa amandla ngelixa uphucula umgangatho wokuphila ngaphakathi.

1. Superinsulate the Entire Envelope

I-envelop yezakhiwo eqinileyo yisiseko sePassive House design. Oku kuthetha ukujolisa iindonga, iimpahla, kunye neefondations ngokuqinileyo ngokokufunwa kwendawo kunye neenkcukacha zoyilo. Nokuba kukhonkco, i-mineral wool, okanye nokuba yizinto ezintsha ezifana ne-wool yeepu, umgomo kukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa ngelixa ulawula amandla akhoyo kwindawo. Kwiimeko ezithambileyo, ukungena okongezelelweyo kungaba kuncinci, ngelixa kwiindawo ezibandayo, ukujolisa okucwangcisiweyo kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokungena kuba kubalulekile.

2. Susa IiThermal Bridges

IiThermal bridges—iindawo apho ubushushu buhamba khona ngaphandle kokungena kwi-insulation, njengoko kuqhelekileyo kwi-studs okanye kwi-junctions phakathi kwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo—zinganciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezakhiwo. Ngokucwangcisa ngokucophelela kunye nokwakha lezi junctions, iiprojekthi zePassive House zikhupha le miphakamo ibuthathaka. Oku akuncedi kuphela ekugcineni i-R-values ezilindelekileyo kodwa kukhawuleza ukunceda ekugwenyeni ukuhlanganiswa kokungamanzi okungaholela kwi-condensation kunye nomonakalo ngexesha.

3. Fikelela kwiNqanaba eliphezulu le-Airtightness

Ukwakha isakhiwo esingena moya kungenzeka kube yenye yeemeko ezinzima kodwa ezonwabisayo zokwakha iPassive House. I-air barrier engaphazamisekiyo emhlabeni wonke wezakhiwo iqinisekisa ukuba akukho moya ongafunwanga okanye ukulahleka kobushushu okukhona. Le msebenzi ibalulekileyo yokufaka isikhumbuzo nakwiindawo ezincinci—ngexesha elithile njenge 1/32-inch—ifuna ukucwangciswa kwangaphambili kunye nokuhlanganyela ngokusondeleyo phakathi kweqela lonke lokwakha. Njengoko abaqeqeshi beqaphela, uhambo lokuya kwi-0.6 ACH50 (okanye ngaphezulu kwe-1.0 ACH50 yeEnerPHit) luqala kwi-tafula yokucwangcisa.

4. Faka iMechani yokVentilation kunye neMbuyekezo yeHeat okanye yeMali

Ukubonelelwa ngempilo komoya omtsha kubalulekile kwiindawo ezivaliweyo. Iinkqubo zokventilation ze-mechanical, ezine-mbuyekezo ye-heat okanye ye-mali, azigcini nje ngokugcina umgangatho omhle komoya ngaphakathi kodwa zikwathabatha amandla abalulekileyo angaphoswa. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-heat recovery ventilator (HRV) kunye ne-energy recovery ventilator (ERV) kuxhomekeke kumoya wendawo kunye nezinga lokumanzisa. Nangona ezi nkqubo zisebenza 24/7, ukonga kwazo amandla—ikakhulu xa ziqhutywa kwiindawo zokuhlala ezininzi—kunokubangela ukonga okukhulu.

5. Sebenzisa iWindows kunye neDoors ezisebenza kakuhle

Iiwindows kunye needoors ziimeko kunye neepotali zezakhiwo, kodwa kwi-design yePassive House, kufuneka zisebenze njengeemfihlo ezibalulekileyo zokushisa. I-glazing esebenza kakuhle eneenani eziphantsi ze-U kunye neekhowudi ezikhethiweyo ze-solar heat gain coefficients (SHGC) zinciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kokushisa ngelixa zisebenzisa kakuhle i-solar gains ye-passive. Ngobuchwephesha obufana neefreyimu ezincinci kunye ne-quadruple glazing, ezi zinto zihlala zisebenza ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zeemozulu ezahlukeneyo.

6. Nciphisa Ukulahleka Kwamandla kwaye Ujolise kwiZinto Ezilungileyo Zamandla

Indlu yePassive ephumelelayo ibalulekile ekulinganiseni. Abaklami kufuneka bahlalutye ngokucophelela indlela indlu edibana ngayo nemozulu yayo, bejolise kwiimpawu ezifana nokujolisa kwelanga, ukumbumbuluza, kunye nokufumana ubushushu bangaphakathi kwiindawo zokusebenza kunye nokukhanya. Nokuba kukwandisa iifestile ezijolise eningizimu kwiindawo ezibandayo okanye ukuqinisekisa ukumbumbuluza okufanelekileyo kwiindawo ezishushu, ezinomoya, yonke isigqibo sithintela umphumo wamandla endlu. Le mbono ibanzi inceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wamandla jikelele kwaye ihambelane namandla endlu okukhupha amandla avuselelekayo.

7. Sebenzisa i-PHPP ukuMisa iMveliso yeMandla

I-Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) yithuluzi elinamandla elihlanganisa idatha yemozulu yendawo kunye nayo yonke into yokuyila indlu ukuze ibike umthamo wamandla ngempumelelo emangalisayo. Nangona iyimodeli engaguquguqukiyo engakha ingaboni umthwalo ophakamileyo—ikakhulu kwiindawo ezishushu, ezishushu—i-PHPP ihlala ibalulekile ekuphuculeni izicwangciso zokuyila. Ngokuqonda iimpawu zayo kunye nemikhawulo, abaklami banokuphucula iiparameter kwaye baqinisekise ukuba iimeko zabo zihambelana nemveliso yezenzo zangempela, bephosa indlela yokufaneleka kwezixhobo ezivuselelekayo kunye nezicwangciso zokugcina amandla.

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Ngokwamkela le migaqo isixhenxe, iiprojekthi zePassive House azigcini nje ngokufezekisa ukusebenza kwamandla okuphucukileyo kodwa zikwabonelela ngezikhumbuzo ezikhululekile, eziphilayo, nezizinzileyo. Ukunakwa okucokisekileyo kwi-insulation, ukungena komoya, kunye nolawulo lwamandla kutshintsha indlela esakha ngayo—kuqinisekisa ukuba uyilo olutsha nolwakhiwo oluzinzileyo lungahamba ndawonye.